Kashyap et al. have shown that chronic (48 h) intravenous infusion of an intralipid emulsion of essential saturated and unsaturated fatty acids plus heparin induces peripheral insulin resistance and stimulates insulin secretion in subjects without a family history of diabetes (FHD) while it markedly impairs insulin secretion in subjects with FHD [72]. Here, INS is linked to hypoalphalipoproteinemia, primary, 1.