Infection at delivery, but not earlier in pregnancy, was associated with significantly higher TLR3-mediated IL-6 and IL-10 responses in the first 3 months of life, and with significantly higher TLR3-/TLR7/8-/TLR9-mediated TNF-α and TLR9-mediated IL-10 responses at 6 or 12 months of age. Here, TLR9 is linked to infection.