SMAD7 and colorectal carcinoma: Researchers have shown that CASC8 and SMAD7 genes are highly correlated with CRC development and progression.38–40 Subgroup analyses by ethnicity indicated that SNPs of rs7014346, rs10505477, and rs4939827 were significantly associated with an increased risk of CRC in the Caucasian group, whereas SNPs of rs7837328, rs6983267, and rs12953717 were considered as significant risk factors for CRC in both of the Caucasian and Asian group.