Since liposomal Hsp70, which can be quantified in the serum and plasma of patients, is derived from viable tumor cells (13, 27), we were interested to study the impact of RCT on serum Hsp70 levels in a small cohort of six NSCLC patients diagnosed with NSCLC stage IIIA and IIIB from whom blood was taken at diagnosis and after RCT. This evidence concerns the gene HSPA1A and non-small cell lung carcinoma.