AVP and familial glucocorticoid deficiency: Both animal and human studies have demonstrated that synthesis and release of arginine vasopressin are actually suppressed by exogenous administration of glucocorticoid hormone under normal conditions and are increased in glucocorticoid deficiency (Raff, 1987; Biewenga et al., 1991; Toftegaard and Knudsen, 1995; Batalhão et al., 2008; Saito et al., 2009; Coiro et al., 2011).