Although adiponectin can be considered as an anti-inflammatory adipokine, some studies have indicated that its level is related more closely to the degree of insulin resistance than to the degree of adiposity in humans (Weyer et al., 2001; Ohman et al., 2008) and that the relationship between adiponectin concentration and CVD is still controversial (Weyer et al., 2001). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is Insulin resistance.