Recently, PrPC was found to act as a cell surface binding partner for β-enriched protein aggregates, including amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers (Laurén et al., 2009) related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD; Shankar et al., 2008), prions and other toxic oligomeric protein species (Resenberger et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene PRNP and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.