Reduced numbers of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus, prefrontal and frontal cortices, and mammillary bodies have been reported in patients with schizophrenia compared with control subjects (Beasley and Reynolds, 1997; Lewis et al., 2001; Reynolds and Beasley, 2001; Reynolds et al., 2001, 2002, 2004; Beasley et al., 2002; Zhang and Reynolds, 2002; Zhang et al., 2002; Bernstein et al., 2007; see Table 3) and in an animal model of schizophrenia (Reynolds et al., 2004; Penschuck et al., 2006; Harte et al., 2007; Bissonette et al., 2014). The gene discussed is PVALB; the disease is schizophrenia.