To determine which of the pathways are implicated in the modulation of imiquimod‐induced apoptosis, melanoma cells were pre‐treated with inhibitors of PERK (GSK2606414), IRE1α (irestatin), ROS (NAC), JNK (SP600125), p38 (SB203580), calpain (ALLM) and NF‐κB (Bay11‐7082) or transfected with XIAP‐specific siRNA before exposure to imiquimod. The gene discussed is ERN1; the disease is melanoma.