IL-17 can induce the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (like IL-6 and TNF-α), chemokines (including keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), MCP-1, and MIP-2), and matrix metalloproteases, which mediate tissue infiltration and tissue destruction [49], thus playing a key role in human IBD [50]. Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.