XBP1 is a key transcription factor of the unfolded protein response in mammalian cells, which is involved in several cardiovascular pathological progression including cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial infarction, but its expression trend, function and upstream regulate mechanism in the development of heart failure are unclear.In the present study, therefore, the potential role of miRNAs in the regulation of XBP1 expression in heart failure was examined. The gene discussed is XBP1; the disease is heart failure.