We also observed missense mutations in several novel genes such as CLK2, NRBP1, CCNDBP1, IDH1, LAMA5, BCAR1, ZNF678, and CLK2. Of these, genes with at least one identical mutation previously reported include NRBP1 (Q73*), a pseudo kinase, found in NT8e cells, earlier reported in lung and other cancers [51, 52], with an overall 9 % cumulative frequency alteration in TCGA HNSCC dataset (Additional file 1: Figure S8). Here, CLK2 is linked to cancer.