Because PPARG plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis of adipose tissue (AT), its regulation through insulin-sensitizing agonists, nutrition, and obesity in dairy cows could have important implications in the control of energy homeostasis, particularly during the period between late pregnancy and early lactation, which is characterized by marked AT lipolysis due in part to a reduction in insulin concentration. This evidence concerns the gene INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.