As expected, phosphorylated STAT3 and IκBα were obviously elevated in the livers of Arid1aLKO mice (Fig 4E), suggesting that the STAT3 and NF-κB pathways could be activated by the release of proinflammatory cytokines and/or chemokines, which may further lead to HCC development in the livers of Arid1aLKO mice. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.