HOXB1 and central nervous system cancer: Although recent studies have reported that HOXB1 plays a key role in the tumorigenesis of many kinds of cancer [9–12], and that its expression correlates with oriented cell division in the neural tube [24] and embryonal carcinoma cell differentiation stimulated with retinoic acid [25–26], the function of HOXB1 in glioma is still unclear.