Elevated levels of MCL-1 have been described in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, MCL and multiple myeloma49, 50, 51, 52, 53 and this study in pre-clinical models of NHL paves the way to evaluate the consequence of functional inhibition of MCL-1 in combination with venetoclax in these additional hematologic malignancies. This evidence concerns the gene MCL1 and hematologic disorder.