VEGF along with other factors recruit tumor-associated macrophages and other factors including chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 2 (CCl2) chemokine (C–C motif), ligand 5 (CCL5), colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), endothelins (ET-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) which stimulate cancer cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis [7]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.