CD38 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive: As shown in Fig. 1b, CD235a−CD41a−CD45+ cells obtained at day 9 of CML iPSC differentiation had the phenotypic features of CML LSCs including the expression of the primitive hematopoietic cell markers CD34, CD90 and CD117, and an absence of CD38 and CD45RA and line-age markers (lin−).