Double immunofluorescence detected that both TGF-β1 and CD147 co-localized with α-SMA-positive cells in fibrotic liver tissues, respectively, which suggested that TGF-β1-CD147 signaling in activated HSCs was involved in HBV-related liver fibrosis (Fig. 7b). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Hepatic fibrosis.