TNF and endothelial dysfunction: The mechanism of hederagenin action may be related to the regulation of lipid metabolism disorders, protection of liver function, improvement of blood rheology, regulation of endothelial dysfunction, and inhibition of the IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the amplification cascade of the inflammatory response, to reduce the release of IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and other inflammatory factors.