In our study, the expression level of CASP1 gene transcript variant mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with primary gout (PG) in different TCM syndromes was measured by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR); in the meantime, the interleukin 1β was measured to explore the role of CASP1 gene and its transcript variant in the pathogenesis of gout. Here, CASP1 is linked to gout.