TNF and Sepsis: In doses ranging from 25 to 75 mg/kg body weight, CSL-111 was able to suppress production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 (Hubsch et al., 1995; Pajkrt et al., 1996), inhibit sepsis-induced hypotension (Casas et al., 1995; Pajkrt et al., 1996), and markedly decrease the severity of clinical symptoms when administered prophylactically (Pajkrt et al., 1996).