Finally, there are no reports regarding miR-101 targeting COX-2 in ESCC, although the regulation of COX-2 expression by miRNAs has been extensively studied in a variety of human tumors [5, 60, 64–70] and the miR-101 / COX-2 pathway has been reported in colon cancer [70], cervical cancer [57], gastric cancer [60] and prostate cancer [69]. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and gastric cancer.