An allele in PNPLA3 (rs738409[G], encoding I148M, prevalence 30%–50% worldwide) increases liver fat (“PNPLA3 NAFLD”) and the risk of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [9,10,11,12]. This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.