TNF and renal fibrosis: Cardiovascular and renal fibrosis is found to be linked to inflammation in Aldo-salt-treated models[38].Previous studies demonstrated that the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines ameliorates cardiac and/or renal injury in several experimental models[39].Their data support the conclusion that MCP-1and TNF-a secreted by activated macrophages in the kidneys cause tissue damage[14].Here we also found that Aldo treatment induces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-a, IL-1β and MCP-1), whereas TAK-242 markedly reverses these alterations in kidney and heart.