Patients with a history of ILD and exposure to tocilizumab or rituximab were more likely to have a baseline history of pneumonia (25.4 % and 24.2 % versus 15.1 %) and COPD (22.0 % and 27.3 % versus 17.7 %) compared with patients exposed to anti-TNF therapy. Here, TNF is linked to susceptibility to pneumonia measurement.