APP and Alzheimer disease: Many previous studies investigating synaptic dysfunction induced by Aβ, which derives from APP processing and is considered the main mediator of AD pathogenesis, have suggested that early pathogenic changes in AD were driven by postsynaptic impairments (Cissé et al., 2011, Ferreira et al., 2012, Li et al., 2009, Mucke and Selkoe, 2012, Parameshwaran et al., 2008, Roberson et al., 2011, Shankar et al., 2007, Um et al., 2012).