Of interest, several SNPs around the TRAF3IP2 gene (which encodes the Act1 protein) have been recently found to confer increased risk to lupus and may play an important role in the induction of the interferon pathway (interferon-β, interferon inducible genes), which is relevant in the context of autoimmune diseases, like lupus and SS [110]. This evidence concerns the gene TRAF3IP2 and systemic lupus erythematosus.