The non-cancer-derived breast cell line MCF10A was maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and Ham's F12 medium (1:1, Trace Biosciences, Sydney, Australia) supplemented with 5% heat inactivated horse serum, HEPES (20 mM), penicillin (100 IU/ml), streptomycin (100 ?g/mL), glutamine (2 mM), epidermal growth factor (20 ng/ml), hydrocortisone (500 mg/ml), cholera toxin (100 ng/ml), and insulin (10 ?g/mL). Here, EGF is linked to cancer.