S100A8 and diabetes mellitus: However, the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of DM remains controversial, because several cross-sectional studies reported that H. pylori was not associated with insulin resistance or the prevalence of DM (Ko et al. 2001; Anastasios et al. 2002; Howard et al. 2008; Lutsey et al. 2009), and there are few studies reporting such associations among large populations in East Asia, where the more pathogenic East Asian CagA-positive strain of H. pylori is dominant (Fock and Ang 2010).