Three of these miRNAs, miR-145, miR-221 and miR-494, were upregulated inF508del-CFTR homozygous CFBE41o- versus non-CF 16HBE14o- bronchial epithelialcells and also in F508del-CFTR homozygous or heterozygous CF (n = 8) versus non-CF (n = 9) bronchial brushings. The gene discussed is CFTR; the disease is cystic fibrosis.