Activated macrophages derived from P2X7R−/− mice are unable to secrete the mature form of IL-1 family cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18 (Solle et al., 2001; Pelegrin et al., 2008) and hence, these animals show reduced severity in models of acute inflammatory joint or lung disease (Labasi et al., 2002; Lucattelli et al., 2011; Bartlett et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and lung disorder.