MTOR and nutritional deficiency disease: The three models evaluated were Snell Dwarf mice, which are homozygous for a loss‐of‐function mutation in the Pit1 gene involved in anterior pituitary development; calorie‐restricted (CR) mice, in which calories are reduced without malnutrition; and mice treated with rapamycin (Rapa), a macrolide that inhibits the serine/threonine kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR; Blackwell et al., 1995; Flurkey et al., 2002; Harrison et al., 2009; Miller et al., 2011, 2013).