C3 and carcinoma: We validated both C3 and CFB, and C3 was selected for being top ranked in the three feature selection analysis results (SVM-RFE rank index = 1; NSC rank index = 13; Beta-binomial rank index = 15) as well as for being assigned to the complement and coagulation cascades pathway, an enriched (p-value = 1.52e−08) carcinoma-exclusive KEGG pathway that is based on complementary data from the Uniprot database.