TNF and Parkinson disease: We also analyzed serum inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, high-sensitivity CRP, and lipopolysaccharide [LPS]-binding protein [LBP]); a serum marker for integrity of intestinal epithelium (diamine oxidase [DAO]); a serum marker for adiposity (leptin); anti-Parkinson’s drugs; and motor and mental performances of each patient.