NANOG and cancer: Several studies have shown that CSCs highly express stemness genes such as NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, or c-MYC, which are critical for CSC tumor formation activity and survival.35, 36, 37 We demonstrated that depletion of CD133 suppresses the expression of stemness genes including NANOG, OCT4, SOX2, and c-MYC, and inhibits the cell growth and capacity for tumor formation of aggressive cancer cell lines.