PICSAR and male infertility: However, when NLC1-C was down-regulated in the cytoplasm, it accumulated in the nucleus of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes, repressing miR-320a and miR-383 transcripts and leading to hyperactive proliferation of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes by binding to Nucleolin, ultimately resulting in male infertility (Figure 7b).