Visceral adipose tissue has proven to be causally linked to insulin resistance much greater than subcutaneous adipose tissue, by paracrine and endocrine effects from a set of cytokines, particularly high levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), low levels of adiponectin, increased macrophage accumulation, and excess of circulating FFA [28–30]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Insulin resistance.