Since CD1d is expressed in both mice and humans, and supports comparable immune functions in B cells in both species in vivo [1, 10], this finding may have important implications for the potential success of therapeutic strategies targeting CD1d in CLL, because downregulation of CD1d as an evasion mechanism would be expected to have little or no effect on the continued survival and proliferation of the leukemic cells. Here, CD1D is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.