It has been shown in both liver and bladder cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, that upon induction, H19 supports tumor growth by suppressing the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57kip2 (CDKN1C) and other putative tumor suppressor genes, while upregulating pro-oncogenic genes (like cyclin E2 and others) [61]. Here, H19 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.