RNF213 (Gene ID: 57674) was identified as the first MMD-associated gene in an Asian MMD population (Kamada et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2011; Wu et al. 2012) and, although its exact function is not known, morpholino-based knockdown in zebrafish resulted in defects in angiogenesis (Liu et al. 2011), and while mouse knockout models showed no cerebrovascular phenotype, recent evidence suggests increased angiogenesis in a hind-limb ischemia model (Kobayashi et al. 2013; Ito et al. 2015). This evidence concerns the gene RNF213 and multiminicore myopathy.