Prompted by our identification of P2X3 as the most frequently overexpressed purinergic receptor isoform in human HCC tumors in our TMC cohort and that P2X3 overexpression is associated with poor recurrence-free survival in our Korean cohort, we performed a series of mechanistic studies in Huh7 cells in vitro, to determine the functional significance of P2X3 and its role in nucleotide-induced proliferation. The gene discussed is P2RX3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.