The procedures used for cytoplasmic immunoglobulin–FISH studies at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA have been previously described.18, 22 The probes used at Mayo Clinic for newly diagnosed MM are: 1p36.3(TP73), 1q21(gain), 3cen (D3Z1), 7cen (D7Z1), 8q24 (3'MYC,5'MYC), 9cen (D9Z1), 15cen (D15Z4), 11q13 (CCND1-XT), 13q14 (RB1), 13q34 (LAMP1), 14q32 (IGH-XT), 14q32 (5'IGH,3'IGH), 17p13.1 (p53), and 17cen (D17Z1). Here, MYC is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.