ANPEP and Splenomegaly: We found that patients with low Ikaros expression showed higher median WBC counts (64.9 × 109/L vs 29.5 × 109/L, P = 0.016), higher percentage of CD13(+) cells (57.1% vs 33.3%, P = 0.009) and CD33 (+) cells (60.0% vs 40.5%, P = 0.033), higher percentage of liver infiltration and splenomegaly (41.5% vs 11.4%, P = 0.000; 56.6% vs 34.6%, P = 0.013) and lower CR rate (79.2% vs 94.3%, P = 0.013) than those with high Ikaros expression.