IL-1β acting in a paracrine manner in adipocytes stimulated the production of IL-8, a potent chemoattractant involved in the adhesion of monocytes to endothelium and in the migration of vascular smooth cells, proposed therefore as a mediator between obesity and atherosclerosis [50]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.