Coupling the use of the AFP cut-off concentration of 20 ng/mL to classify patients as AFP-positive or AFP-negative [21] with the ratio of fucosylated paraoxonase 1 to paraoxonase can be used to distinguish between HCC and liver cirrhosis (LC) with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 75% in AFP-negative patients. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is cirrhosis of liver.