RAF1 and neoplasm: To increase the power of our analysis to detect significant genes outside of the RAS/RAF pathway, we analysed our data together with validated variants from the published studies of Jones et al. (n = 5 pure LGSC), Boyd et al. (n = 2 SBT) and TCGA cases reported by Wong et al. [13] as SBT (n = 1) or LGSC (n = 3); the results from the 34 tumours are summarised in Figure 3.