HP and malaria: Recent case definition of post-artesunate delayed haemolytic (PADH) syndrome [44, 45] consists of 10 % fall in haemoglobin associated with haptoglobin <0.1 g/L and either an increase in LDH to >390 IL/L or a 10 % rise >7 days after start of treatment with artesunate in naïve patients with severe malaria.