In the brain, ischemia–reperfusion has been shown to cause increased expression of Prdx6 around hippocampal blood vessels, which was associated with blood–brain barrier breakdown and reactive astrogliosis (Zhang et al. 2013), while upregulated Prx6 has also been documented during Alzheimer’s disease (Power et al. 2008), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Strey et al. 2004) and following traumatic injury (Manevich et al. 2014). This evidence concerns the gene PRDX6 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.