NLRP3 and metabolic disease: It has been demonstrated that the NLRP3 pathway participates in a variety of important responses such as host defense, where its activity is beneficial, and the NLRP3 pathway also contributes to metabolic diseases, where it may play a pathophysiological role (Franchi et al., 2009; Lamkanfi and Dixit, 2012; Strowig et al., 2012; Wen et al., 2013).